Belt bucket elevator is a continuous conveying machine that lifts materials in the vertical direction. It has obvious advantages such as large conveying volume, high lifting height, stable and reliable operation, long service life, etc. Therefore, it is widely used in many industries such as chemical industry, cement, fertilizer, grain, etc., and occupies an important position in the composition of continuous conveying equipment. Belt bucket elevator is suitable for conveying powder, granular and small friction-free and friction-free materials, such as coal, cement, crushed stone, sand, clay, ore, soybean, etc. At present, the conveying height of the bucket elevator can generally reach more than 40 m, and the maximum conveying height can reach 80 m. Common faults and solutions of 3 belt bucket Elevator
Serious head return There are many reasons for the belt bucket elevator head return, some of which are as follows: Dustpan structure design is not reasonable, materials cannot be discharged.
(1) Head rotation speed is low.
(2) Head unloading height is not enough. The gap between the discharge lip plate and the lip edge of the hopper is too large. Solution: Optimize the structure of dustpan so that it can meet the material jetting; Increase the rotating speed of the belt bucket elevator appropriately to ensure the smooth discharge of materials; Adjust the height of the belt bucket elevator head so that the throwing track of the belt bucket elevator head is consistent with the discharging hole; Reduce the gap between the discharge lip plate and the hopper so that the material can pass through the gap and enter the discharge port smoothly. 3.2 Failure of driving motor the main reason for the failure of the drive motor is that the temperature is too high, which causes the motor to burn out. The reason the motor gets too hot is because it is designed to be too small, or because some parts in the belt bucket elevator get stuck, causing the "belt bucket elevator" to get stuck. To solve the problem that the design power of the motor is too small, the driving power can be calculated and the motor can be selected by increasing one to two levels. Some parts in the belt bucket elevator get stuck and cause "boring car". Great attention must be paid in the installation and test of the belt bucket elevator. Immediately cut off the power supply, find out the cause, adjust in time, remove the fault before starting the machine. Meanwhile, if the belt bucket elevator needs to drive more than 30 kW, hydraulic couplers should be used as much as possible, because hydraulic couplers have overload protection effect, which can prevent the motor from burning out in an instant of overload, so as to ensure the normal operation of the belt bucket elevator. 3.3 Fracture of head mandrel the head of the belt bucket elevator is an important part of the whole machine. Its head drum bears the weight of the traction chain or belt, as well as the dustpan and all the materials it transports, so the mandrel of the head drum is easy to be broken. The fracture reasons of the head mandrel are as follows:
(1) the head core shaft strength is not enough, mainly is not heat treatment or heat treatment did not meet the requirements. The head core shaft material is not up to the standard.
(2) the design of the head core shaft structure is not reasonable, there may be a transition step to produce stress concentration.
(4) Long-term overload operation, the head mandrel fatigue fracture. As for the stress on the core shaft of the head of the belt bucket elevator, firstly, it is necessary to analyze whether the belt bucket elevator is overloaded for a long time, resulting in fatigue fracture. In this case, measures should be taken to strictly avoid the occurrence of overload. Second, the selection and design of the structure is reasonable, the head of the core shaft material generally choose 45 steel or 40Cr, if the selection is not reasonable, you can choose a better material. In the concrete structural design, the transition step of the shaft should be machined with rounded corners to avoid stress concentration, otherwise it is easy to cause the fracture of the head core shaft. The head the strength of the core shaft mainly depends on the result of heat treatment. In general, the hardness of the heat treatment of the head core shaft should be HB 220 ~ 260. 3.4 Failure of hydraulic coupler the hydraulic coupler is one of the necessary parts of the belt bucket elevator. It is installed between the motor and the reducer. It is a kind of soft start coupling relying on the hydraulic transmission, which can effectively transfer the torque and protect the motor and the reducer at the same time. IN daily use, common faults of hydraulic couplers are: oil filling does not meet the requirements, oil leakage, deterioration of hydraulic oil. In addition, the belt bucket elevator is overloaded, which causes the oil temperature of hydraulic couplers to be too high, thus melting the fusible plug, causing the hydraulic oil to leak out and disconnecting the motor and reducer. IN view of the common faults of hydraulic couplers, the faults of hydraulic couplers can be controlled by adopting effective methods. First of all, the oil filling number of hydraulic couplers must meet the requirements, and deal with oil leakage in time. At the same time, after frequent inspection of hydraulic oil by the industry review, it should be replaced in time when it is found to deteriorate. In the belt bucket elevator during normal operation, to control the overload, because when the equipment overload, resistance, can make the load increase, the drive torque is not enough to drive the load of the motor, make the hydraulic coupler drive wheels high-speed rotation, and static load round, or the speed is too low, cause the hydraulic oil temperature is too high, thus melt fusible plug, hydraulic oil leakage, hydraulic coupler disconnect. Therefore, the belt bucket elevator tries to avoid overloading when it is used. 3.5 Reducer is damaged the power of the belt bucket elevator is generally large, and the failure of its speed reducer is also one of the common faults of the belt bucket elevator. The common faults of reduction gear are as follows: high speed shaft fracture, high speed gear teeth, bearing damage and insufficient lubrication. IN order to solve the reducer damage fault, the most common method is to configure the hydraulic coupler between the motor and the reducer, using the soft start function of the hydraulic coupler, to solve the high-speed shaft fracture and high-speed gear tooth accident caused by the rigid coupling connection, and often check at the same time Check the oil level and oil quality inside the reducer, find out the oil shortage in time to complete, oil quality changes in time to replace, so as to greatly reduce the accident probability of the reducer. 3.6 Head driving roller bearing is damaged the head of the belt bucket elevator relies on an electric motor to drive the speed reducer and finally drives the driving drum for operation. Therefore, the bearing of the head driving the drum suffers a great radial force, so the probability of damage of the bearing is high. In general, the causes of bearing damage are as follows:
(1) Design selection is small, resulting in insufficient bearing capacity, in use will cause damage to the bearing because of instantaneous overload.
(2) bearing lubrication maintenance is not in place, or lubricating oil deterioration, cannot meet the lubrication of the bearing, causing the bearing "dry wear", at this time will exacerbate the damage of the bearing.
(3) bearing quality problems, for high copy or refurbished bearings, which will cause damage to the bearing invisibly. IN the process of equipment design, the overload coefficient of the belt bucket elevator should be fully considered. After calculating the type of bearing, the belt bucket elevator should be increased by 1 to 2 levels to select the bearing, so that the normal use of the equipment can be satisfied. At the same time, according to the equipment maintenance plan, carry out maintenance regularly to replace old oil with new oil to ensure good lubrication of bearings; When buying bearing again, choose famous brand product, reject fake and inferior product, solved the problem of bearing damage from another side so. Dustpan comes off Dustpan is the carrying part of the belt bucket elevator, and it is also an important part. The dustpan and the traction belt will be connected by the bolts of the dustpan, so the bolts are not strong enough, or the bolts become loose, or the bolts and nuts of the dustpan are not welded properly after they are fastened. In the long run, it will become loose, causing fatigue and be cut; At the same time, in the operation of the dustpan, if there is a phenomenon of card contact, will cause the dustpan fall off. For winnowing pan falls off, the first thing to solve the problem of connecting bolt winnowing pan, so you need to connected by high strength bolt, often should check at the same time, to prevent its loose, it is important to will after fastening bolt welding is firm, to avoid the loose open welding, this will reduce the bolt fatigue failure, thus reducing the probability of winnowing pan falls off. At the same time, will often check the dustpan card touch phenomenon, found dustpan card touch, timely processing to solve. Timely inspection and timely discovery are the key to resolve the dustpan falling off. Dustpan with severe wear in the operation of the belt bucket elevator, the dustpan is responsible for scatting, transporting and dumping materials, so the anti-wear performance of the dustpan is extremely important. Because the dustpan needs to be in close contact with materials, its lips will be damaged. In some special occasions, material granularity is too large, dustpan will cause more wear when the material is scooped out. The belt bucket elevator generally runs at a high speed, so the dustpan running speed is too high, which will also cause wear of materials and dustpans. For the fault of dustpan wear, if the material is very abrasive, more wear-resistant material should be used to process dustpan. At present, for the dustpan made of nylon commonly used in grain industry, it can not only improve the wear resistance of the dustpan, but also reduce the dead weight of the dustpan. If the size of the material is large, the bulk material often appears during the conveying process, resulting in the failure to complete the lifting, if the size of the material cannot be changed, then a larger size should be used The belt bucket elevator or angled belt conveyor is used to lift materials. Meanwhile, the running speed of the belt bucket elevator should be adjusted properly to ensure the smooth scooping and unloading of materials. Serious material accumulation in the tail accumulation is one of the common faults in the belt bucket elevator, and the main reasons for tail accumulation are as follows:
Belt bucket elevator's feeding is uneven, and the feeding is too large in a moment, which causes the tail to be blocked seriously. The belt bucket elevator design cannot meet the actual needs, long time use will cause too much material accumulation in the tail. Belt bucket elevator is not reasonable due to the running speed or the structure design of the unloading point. The discharge is not clean, so that part of the material failed to discharge smoothly and returned to the tail bin, resulting in the tail material accumulation. The problem of material accumulation in the tail of the belt bucket elevator can be solved from one of the following directions 1. To solve the problem: Strictly control the conveying volume of the upstream conveyor equipment in the belt bucket elevator, so that the incoming materials are evenly distributed, without causing excessive instantaneous feeding and causing material blockage; If the belt bucket elevator can't meet the requirements, the belt bucket elevator of one or two levels should be replaced to meet the requirements. According to the characteristics of transported materials, the running speed of the belt bucket elevator is designed scientifically and reasonably, and the position and shape of the unloading port are designed reasonably, so as to ensure that all materials can be discharged without materials returning to the tail. In this way, the fault of the tail material can be effectively controlled. Our Excellent Machinery Co., Ltd is a professional production and sales of conveyor belt bucket elevator company, we produce bucket can carry on the reasonable design on these problems, can effectively avoid the occurrence of these situations, we will pass strict product quality inspection before they go out and up to eight hours of no-load and load commissioning, ensure the quality of products.